Pourquoi vous devez vous soucier de la sécurité informatique

La technologie devient un aspect de plus en plus important de nos vies. Ceci étant, des sujets tels que la sécurité informatique ont été abordés, tant en ligne que dans les médias. Avec la prise de conscience croissante, les gens se demandent souvent pourquoi ils devraient s’occuper de la sécurité de leurs entreprises et de leurs systèmes. Les experts en sécurité rencontrent souvent des questions sur le temps, les efforts et le coût de la sécurité, avec des déclarations telles que:

«Je n’ai rien à cacher de toute façon. Aucune de mes données n’est confidentielle, alors peu importe si mes données sont compromis ».

Le fait est que l’utilisation quotidienne de la technologie, des logiciels et du matériel avec lesquels vous interagissez, rassemble et stocke des informations que vous ignorez. Il existe assez d’informations sensibles à
protéger sur votre système que vous ne savez probablement pas. Dans cet article, je vais vous montrer que même les systèmes les plus simples peuvent causer beaucoup de dégâts lorsqu’ils sont compromis.

Prenons un système simple, utilisé uniquement pour le courrier électronique. Réfléchissez un instant au type de courriels que vous recevez quotidiennement. Vous avez probablement un grand nombre de courriels dans votre boîte de réception et vous ne savez pas quelles informations sont rendus accessible.

Supposons qu’un attaquant accède à votre courrier électronique en utilisant un certain nombre de méthodes, telles qu’un enregistreur de frappe ou en devinant le mot de passe. Il aurait désormais accès à toutes les informations contenues dans les courriers électroniques. Au fur et à mesure que la technologie progresse, de plus en plus de données sont envoyées par courrier électronique. Les éléments tels que les reçus, les formulaires fiscaux, les talons de chèque de paie et les relevés de crédit sont tous des exemples de données pouvant être disponibles dans un courrier électronique. S’il parvient même à accéder à un reçu, l’impact peut être plus important que vous ne le pensez. Un reçu contient souvent des informations telles que des numéros de carte de crédit partiels, le coût total et l’entreprise qui vous a facturé.

Vous pensez probablement que cette information est plutôt inutile. Toutefois, dans certains cas, des numéros de carte de crédit partiels peuvent être utilisés pour identifier le type de carte. Avec l’accès à un courrier électronique, à un numéro de carte partiel, à un reçu, un attaquant pourrait convaincre une société émettrice de cartes de crédit de lui donner accès à votre compte. Ce type d’attaque n’est pas rare, et ce n’est que la partie visible de l’iceberg lorsque l’on examine uniquement les attaques par courrier électronique.

En utilisant votre compte de messagerie, un attaquant pourrait également envoyer des courriels se faisant passer pour vous, afin de convaincre vos contacts de révéler des informations, voire d’être également infecté. Les courriers électroniques sont généralement liés à d’autres comptes, ce qui signifie que si un courrier électronique est compromis, tout autre compte le sera également. En attaquant quelque chose d’aussi simple qu’un compte de messagerie, un attaquant pourrait compromettre presque tout ce que vous possédez.

Cela peut être préoccupant, cependant, il existe des mesures simples que tout le monde peut prendre pour se protéger des attaques en ligne. Voici quelques conseils que vous pouvez garder à l’esprit pour sécuriser vos systèmes et vous assurer que vos appareils resteront en sécurité.

1. L’Antivirus n’est pas parfait

L’antivirus peut être utile pour protéger votre ordinateur contre les attaques simples, mais il est facile de le contourner. La confiance excessive dans l’anti-virus est souvent une erreur que les utilisateurs vont commettre. Ils supposent que si un fichier est analysé sans problème, il est sécuritaire de l’ouvrir. En réalité, la plupart des anti-virus s’appuient sur le virus déjà vu et utilisent une signature pour vérifier s’il est identique. Si le virus est écrit manuellement ou s’il s’agit d’un nouvel exploit, il ne sera pas détecter par votre anti-virus.

Pour mieux vous protéger, assurez-vous que la source d’un fichier est fiable avant d’ouvrir ce dernier. De plus, gardez à l’esprit que toute extension de fichier peut être malveillante. Le plus souvent, les fichiers .exe, .xlsm et .docx sont utilisés pour attaquer les utilisateurs.

2. Vérifier les emails avant de télécharger les pièces jointes et de cliquer sur les liens

Letype d’attaque le plus répandu est le phishing (hameçonnage), qui consiste à convaincre un utilisateur ou une entreprise légitime de cliquer sur un lien ou de télécharger une pièce jointe. En général, si vous ne vous attendiez pas à recevoir un courrier électronique, ne cliquez sur aucun lien ni pièce jointe. En cas de doute, appelez ou contactez l’expéditeur en utilisant une méthode de communication sécurisée.

3. Toujours mettre à jour son système et ses logiciels

Une grande partie des attaques reposent sur des logiciels obsolètes. Vous pouvez réduire le risque de compromission d’un système en vous assurant que vos logiciels et votre système d’exploitation sont mis à jour. Les mises à jour peuvent prendre du temps et sembler fastidieuses, mais l’avantage de corriger les vulnérabilités de sécurité l’emporte sur les inconvénients.

En conclusion, il est important de protéger vos appareils afin de vous protéger du vols de données ou de compromission de ces derniers. N’oubliez pas qu’en tant qu’utilisateur, vous pouvez apprendre et vous informer sur les problèmes de sécurité présents sur vos appareils. Être prudent et comprendre les risques est le meilleur moyen de vous protéger.

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